A well drawn and complete graph can guarantee that the exercise will be well solved. It is virtuous due to its way of organizing and naming everything taken into consideration in a problem, given data or unknown. It has the ability to organize spatially and temporarily all the given information, also data that we do not know and want to look for. It is the most simple of the kinematic tools. Very useful kinematic tool, that consists of drawing the trajectory and assigning the kinematic information that it is given, in the proximity (as close as possible) of the corresponding position. Given the versatility, precision and the ability to store of mathematics, kinematic equations are the most important tool in kinematics. Most common types of motion have typical kinematic equations. Is the path a moving object follows through space.Īny mathematical function regarding the group of positions, x, and the group of time instants, t. It is measured in any unit of velocity divided any unit of time ( m/s², for example). It is the quotient between the increase or decrease of velocity and the corresponding time interval. Be aware: it is only equal to the average speed in motion with constant velocity. The one that it is indicated in car speedometer, for example. But the main idea is very simple: it is the common velocity that we all know about. The correct definition requires the use of calculus. It is the quotient between a certain displacement and its corresponding time interval considering the last one it very, very little. Velocity, or real velocity, or instant velocity, v It is only the same if we are referring to a motion with constant velocity. This concept is similar to the natural and intuitive concept that we have about velocity when we talk about velocity with a friend. It is measured in any length unit divided by any time unit ( m/s, for example). It is the quotient between any displacement and its corresponding time interval. This is not entirely wrong, but induces people to an error, making them think that we are talking about the end of motion and the beginning of motion, and, generally, this is not the case. Some people say "final time minus initial time". It is obtained by subtracting the latter instant minus the former instant. It is the amount of time between two instants. For example: 13 hours and 6 minutes on March 25th 2006.Īlso called lapsus, duration, etc. When it is followed by a subindex, we are talking about one-and only one- instant of time. When t is not followed by a subindex, it usually indicates "any instant", or what is the same, a variable. It is indicated with any unit of time (e.g: the second, s, in reference to an arbitrary scale). This instant lasts nothing: not even a second, a microsecond nor a nanosecond. Unique and unrepeatable moment during the time that is being considered. The important thing is to subtract the position that the object had afterwards minus the position that it had before. It is usually called "final position minus initial position" which is not completely wrong to say, but leads us to an error, because people are encouraged to think that you are talking about the beginning and ending of the motion, and it is generally not the case. It is the difference between two positions (the latter position minus the former position). When it is followed by a subindex we are in presence of one -and one only- position. When x is not followed by a subindex it usually indicates "any position", what we call a variable. Positions are indicated in any length unit (e.g: meter, m, in reference to an arbitrary scale). Notice that the typical objects in kinematics are point objects, with no volume, which do not take up space. It is the place that an object occupies in space. Its ability to predict depends on the external knowledge of the type of movement of the object, something that kinematics cannot predict. It is, fundamentally, a branch of science that is more interested in describing rather than explaining. CINEMATICA, THEORETICAL NOTES AND EXERCISES OF PHYSICS AND BIOPHYSICS, CONCEPTS ON KINEMATICSīranch of science that studies the movement without taking into account the nature of the object in consideration.
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